Introduction to Single-Layer Cylindrical Pressure Vessels

Time2024-03-26

The wall of the cylinder is made of a single material in the thickness direction, meaning the wall has only one layer (the anti-corrosion layer applied for preventing internal medium corrosion is not included). Single-layer cylinders can be further divided into several types based on the manufacturing method, including single-layer rolled and welded type, integral forged type, forged and welded type, and non-welded bottle type.

Pressure vesselSingle-layer cylinder

The wall of the cylinder is made of a single material in the thickness direction, meaning the wall has only one layer (the anti-corrosion layer applied to prevent internal medium corrosion is not included). Single-layer cylinders can be further divided into several types based on manufacturing methods: single-layer rolled welding type, integral forging type, forge-welded type, and non-welded bottle type.

Among them, the single-layer rolled welding structure is currently the most manufactured and used type of cylinder. It uses steel plates rolled into a cylinder on a large rolling machine, welded along the longitudinal seam to form cylinder sections, which are then assembled and welded with heads or end flanges to create the vessel.

The integral forging structure is the earliest adopted form of cylinder. During manufacturing, the cylinder and flange can be forged as a whole or connected with threads, resulting in a cylinder body without weld seams. With the development of welding technology, segmented forging appeared, which is then welded together to form an integral forge-welded cylinder.

The non-welded bottle type cylinder mainly has two manufacturing methods: one is made from high-quality seamless steel pipes that are hot spun at both ends; the other is made from steel ingots that are stamped and then hot spun at the ends. Generally, integral forging and forge-welded cylinders are mainly used in high-pressure and ultra-high-pressure vessels, while non-welded bottle type cylinders are commonly used for manufacturing non-welded large-volume bottle-type pressure vessels.

The material microstructure of the integral forged cylinder is dense, with high strength, thus having better quality, especially suitable for ultra-high-pressure vessels made from high-strength steel with poor welding performance. However, manufacturing requires very large smelting, forging, and machining equipment, with high material consumption and low steel utilization (only 26%~29%), and significant machining volume. Therefore, it is generally only used for small ultra-high-pressure vessels with an inner diameter of ϕ300~800mm and a length not exceeding 12m, such as polyethylene reactors and artificial crystal reactors.

Keyword： Introduction to Single-Layer Cylindrical Pressure Vessels

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