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What are the operating conditions of pressure vessel manufacturers?

Classification: Industry Information

Time2024-09-09

The operating conditions of pressure vessel manufacturers mainly include pressure, temperature, and medium.

Pressure vessel manufacturerOperating conditions mainly include pressure, temperature, and medium.
1. Pressure
       The pressure of a pressure vessel can come from two aspects: one is the pressure generated (increased) externally, and the other is the pressure generated (increased) internally. The maximum working pressure generally refers to the highest pressure that may occur at the top of the vessel under normal operating conditions. The design pressure refers to the pressure used to determine the thickness of the vessel shell at the corresponding design temperature, which is also the design pressure marked on the nameplate. The design pressure of a pressure vessel must not be lower than the maximum working pressure; when the static pressure of the liquid column at various parts of the vessel or the pressure components reaches 5% of the design pressure, the sum of the design pressure and the static pressure of the liquid column should be used for the design calculation of that part or component; for pressure vessels equipped with safety valves, the design pressure must not be lower than the opening pressure or burst pressure of the safety valve. The determination of the design pressure of the vessel should comply with the relevant provisions of GB150.
2. Temperature
       Metal temperature refers to the average temperature of the pressure components of the vessel along the thickness of the cross-section. Under any circumstances, the surface temperature of the metal components must not exceed the allowable operating temperature of the steel. The design temperature refers to the highest or lowest temperature that the shell wall or metal components may reach under normal operating conditions at the corresponding design pressure. When the temperature of the shell wall or metal components is below -20°C, the design temperature is determined based on the lowest temperature; otherwise, the design temperature is selected based on the highest temperature. The design temperature value must not be lower than the highest metal temperature that the components may reach; for metal temperatures below 0°C, the design temperature must not be higher than the lowest metal temperature that the components may reach. The design temperature of the vessel (i.e., the design medium temperature marked on the vessel nameplate) refers to the design temperature of the shell.

3. Medium
       The types of media involved in the production process are diverse, and there are various classification methods. Classified by physical state, there are gases, liquids, liquefied gases, elements, and mixtures; classified by chemical properties, there are four types: combustible, flammable, inert, and oxidizing; based on their toxicity to humans, they can be divided into four levels: extremely hazardous (I), highly hazardous (II), moderately hazardous (III), and slightly hazardous (IV).
       (1) Flammable media: Refers to gases that have a lower explosion limit of less than 10% when mixed with air, or a difference of 20% or more between the upper and lower explosion limits, such as methylamine, ethane, ethylene, etc.
       (2) Toxic media: The classification of the toxicity level of media in the "Safety Technical Supervision Regulations for Pressure Vessels" refers to GB 5044 "Classification of Occupational Exposure to Toxic Substances" and is divided into four levels. Their maximum allowable concentrations are: extremely hazardous (Level I) <0.1mg/m3; highly hazardous (Level II) 0.1～<1.0mg/m3; moderately hazardous (Level III) 1.0～<10mg/m3; slightly hazardous (Level IV) ≥10mg/m3. When the medium in the pressure vessel is a mixture, the toxicity level or whether it belongs to flammable media should be determined by the process design department of the design unit or the production technology department of the user unit based on the composition of the medium and according to the principles of toxicity level or flammable media classification.
       (3) Corrosive media: Petrochemical media have corrosion resistance requirements for the materials used in pressure vessels. Sometimes, impurities in the medium can exacerbate corrosion. The types and properties of corrosive media vary, and due to different process conditions, the corrosiveness of the media also differs. This requires that when selecting materials for pressure vessels, in addition to meeting the mechanical performance requirements under operating conditions, they must also possess sufficient corrosion resistance, and necessary anti-corrosion measures should be taken when needed.

Keyword： What are the operating conditions of pressure vessel manufacturers?

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