Causes of heat exchanger corrosion

Time2024-11-26

The damage to metals caused by the chemical or electrochemical action of the surrounding medium, often in conjunction with physical, mechanical, or biological factors, refers to the damage that metals experience due to the influence of their environment.

The damage to metals caused by the chemical or electrochemical action of surrounding media, often in conjunction with physical, mechanical, or biological factors, refers to the damage that metals experience due to their environment.

Shell and tube heat exchangerDuring manufacturing, the welding of the tube sheet and the tubes generally uses manual arc welding, which can result in various degrees of defects in the weld seam, such as depressions, pores, and slag inclusions, and the distribution of stress in the weld seam is also uneven. During use, the tube sheet part generally comes into contact with industrial cooling water, and impurities, salts, gases, and microorganisms in the industrial cooling water can cause corrosion to the tube sheet and weld seams. Research shows that industrial water, whether fresh or seawater, contains various ions and dissolved oxygen, where the concentration changes of chloride ions and oxygen play an important role in the corrosion patterns of metals.

Additionally, the complexity of the metal structure can also affect the corrosion morphology. Deep corrosion concentrated on individual small points on the metal surface is called pitting corrosion, or localized corrosion. Severe crevice corrosion can occur in gaps and covered areas on the metal surface.

Therefore, the corrosion of the tube sheet and tube welds is primarily characterized by pitting and crevice corrosion. Externally, the surface of the tube sheet will have many corrosion products and deposits, with bubbles of varying sizes distributed across it. When seawater is used as the medium, galvanic corrosion can also occur. "Bimetallic corrosion" is also a common phenomenon of tube sheet corrosion.

Hazards of heat exchanger corrosion

Heat exchangers are one of the key pieces of equipment in production facilities. Statistics indicate that approximately 60% of daily faults and emergency repairs are due to corrosion damage of heat exchanger tubes. This severely affects the safety, stability, and full-load operation of production facilities. Due to differences in the structure, materials, operating conditions, and cooling water quality of heat exchangers, corrosion leakage issues often occur at the tube bundles, tube ends, and tube sheets, leading to condensate contamination, which severely deteriorates water quality, exacerbates scaling and corrosion in the boiler's "four pipes," and can lead to catastrophic "four pipe" rupture accidents.

Keyword： Causes of heat exchanger corrosion

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Causes of heat exchanger corrosion

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